Iran’s Supreme Leader intervened personally to prevent any reforms by the regime during nationwide protests for rights, reforms, and gender equality.

Amwaj Media details how Ayatollah Khamenei refused to give any ground in meetings with senior officials and military commanders.

The protests were sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody, three days after she was detained and reportedly beaten by “morality police” for her “inappropriate attire”. The demonstrations rapidly spread across the country, in the biggest challenge to the regime since the disputed 2009 Presidential election.

A senior military commander persuaded Iran’s police chief, Hossein Ashtari to issue a public statement expressing remorse, apologizing to the public, and considering resignation as a gesture of accountability for Amini’s death.

Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi, a former senior Revolutionary Guards, told Ashtari to stay in his post. Vahidi said stepping down would be seen as a retreat and embolden opposition to the regime.

But Vahidi’s intransigence only heightened the concern of a group of senior military commanders. A few weeks later, they told the Supreme Leader of their dissatisfaction and called for the Interior Minister’s dismissal.

Khamenei rejected the appeal. Declaring that the situation would be resolved in due course, he told the commanders that they could be sacked if they did not carry out their duties.

Vahidi remained as Interior Ministry. In January, Ashtari was replaced by Ahmad Reza Radan, an advocate of tough enforcement to maintain compulsory hijab.

Another Rejection of Reform

In the spring, a group of commanders — including the former head of the Revolutionary Guards’ Navy, Hossein Alaei — tried again to move Khamenei.

When they approached a senior military commander to convey concerns, he said that did not want to jeopardize his position. So the commanders went to the Expediency Council, which can advise the Supreme Leader.

The Council’s chair, former judiciary head Sadeq Larijani, initially said the issue would be discussed at the body’s next meeting. But when the 35 members gathered, he dismissed the agenda item, claiming that it did not fall within the council’s terms of reference.

Mahdi Nasiri, the former Khamenei-appointed chief editor of the hardline Kayhan daily, said last month that the Supreme Leader nominally accepted reforms may be made. However, he restricted this with red lines. They include the retention of compulsory hijab and the maintenance of the 12-year, 5-month house arrests of the leaders of the opposition Green Movement, Mir Hossein Mousavi, Mehdi Karroubi, and Zahra Rahnavard.