The key points of the nuclear framework announced on Thursday night by Iran and the 5+1 Powers, as claimed by the US in a “fact sheet” — we will have an analysis on Friday, “US Wins Big — But Can Iran Win as Well?”
IRAN’S ENRICHED URANIUM
*Iran reduces its operating centrifuges to 5,060 — about half its current stock — in the Natanz enrichment plant for 10 years.
*Iran operates only 40-year-old IR-1 first-generation centrifuges. Its IR-2 centrifuges, installed but never put on-line, will be put in storage and monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
*Iran will not enrich uranium over 3.67% for at least 15 years.
*Iran will ship almost all of its enriched uranium out of the country, reducing its current stockpile of about 10,000 kg to 300 kg of 3.67% uranium for 15 years.
*Iran’s second enrichment plant at Fordoo will be converted into a Physics Research Center. It will have about 1,000 centrifuges for research, but it will not have any enrichment, R&D associated with enrichment, or fissile material for 15 years.
INSPECTIONS AND SUPERVISION
*The IAEA will have regular access to all of Iran’s nuclear facilities, including Natanz and Fordoo.
*Inspectors will have access to the supply chain that supports Iran’s nuclear program, monitoring materials and/or components to prevent diversion to a secret program.
*Inspectors will have access to uranium mines and continuous surveillance at uranium mills, where Iran produces yellowcake, for 25 years.
*Iran has agreed to implement the Additional Protocol of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
*Iran will be required to grant access to the IAEA to investigate suspicious sites or allegations of a covert enrichment facility, conversion facility, centrifuge production facility, or yellowcake production facility anywhere in the country.
*Iran will implement an agreed set of measures to address the IAEA’s concerns regarding the Possible Military Dimensions (PMD) of its program.
REACTORS
*Iran will redesign and rebuild its heavy-water research reactor in Arak, based on a design agreed by the 5+1 Powers, which will not produce weapons-grade plutonium.
*Iran will not build any additional heavy water reactors for 15 years.
SANCTIONS
*Iran will receive sanctions relief, if it verifiably abides by its commitments.
*US and European Union nuclear-related sanctions will be suspended after the IAEA has verified that Iran has taken all of its key nuclear-related steps. If at any time Iran fails to fulfill its commitments, these sanctions will snap back into place.
*The architecture of US nuclear-related sanctions on Iran will be retained for much of the duration of the deal and allow for snap-back in the event of significant non-performance.
*All past UN Security Council resolutions on the Iran nuclear issue will be lifted simultaneous with the completion by Iran of nuclear-related actions addressing all key concerns.
*Core provisions in the UN Security Council resolutions – those that deal with transfers of sensitive technologies and activities – will be re-established by a new UN Security Council resolution that will endorse the JCPOA [comprehensive agreement] and urge its full implementation.
*US sanctions on Iran for terrorism, human rights abuses, and ballistic missiles will remain in place.